Teslenko V. V. Retrospective Analysis of the Formation and Development of Civic Education

Teslenko V. V., Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Senior Research Assistant, Institute of Gifted Child, National Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of Ukraine.

Abstract
The article defines the main stages of the formation and development of civic education in the historical development of human civilization, emphasizes the special role of civic and human values in the development of modern democratic society. The conducted research is a historical analysis of the development of public relations; it shows that the theoretical and methodological foundations of civic education are rooted in the Ancient times, when the formation and development of civic values began. The approaches to, views on, and models of the education of the citizen offered by scholars around the world change and develop along with the development of the society at all stages of its historical evolution. This dynamic process has always involved a debate among scholars regarding the understanding of personality formation as compared to that of the citizen. The development of the philosophical and pedagogical thought has also revealed the essence of the “educational ideal” in accordance with the existing civic values. The basic concept includes: social utilitarianism, utilitarian eudaimonism, theory of the free activity of the spirit, theory of obedience, and the theory of harmonious civic development.
The independent Ukraine, which is committed to the democratic development and is creating a new national system of education, has to consider the experience of the international community in this regard.

Key words: civic education, citizen, democracy, democratic values, democratic society, education, liberty, dignity, personality, spirituality, universal human values

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