Knyazheva ². À. The Formation and Development of University Education in the 11th –18th Centuries and its Role in the Training of Prospective University Professors
Knyazheva ². À., Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Doctoral Student, Institute of Preschool and Special Education, The South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky
Abstract
The article determines the main trends in the formation and development of university education from the moment of its inception and through the 18th Century and defines its role in the preparation of university professors.
The author exposes the challenges that had to be confronted when establishing first vocational schools (e.g., Atheneum, the University of Magnaura, Beirut, Montpellier, Salerno, and Padua) and higher educational establishments (Bologna, Paris, Salamanca, Vicenza, Oxford, Cambridge, Prague, Lviv) and describes the formation and development of the European university education, as well as the features of the teaching system in different historical epochs. The contribution of famous educators, philosophers, politicians, and other scholars that proved to be crucial to the development of university education is discussed.
Special attention is given to the analysis of the priorities of university professors training within certain historical period. The content and basic forms of such training specific to certain periods are discussed as well. The role of Master-level courses in training of prospective university professors, as seen from the historical point of view, is also covered. Detailed analysis of the training of university professors in first Ukrainian educational establishments (e.g., the Ostroh Academy, Kyiv-Mohyla Academy and Saint Sophia Cathedral) allowed tracing the origin and development of Ukrainian traditions in this sphere.
Key words: university education, professors, higher school, training.
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